iptime NAS101 과 고민(거의 비슷한 가격대) 끝에 확장성과 보다 나은 성능을 바라고 선택했으나
결론적으로 말하자면 시간이 넘쳐나서 주체를 못할 지경이라면 모를까 시도하지 않는 것이 좋을 것이다.
그렇다고 iptime NAS101을 추천한다는 얘기도 아니다.
실제 성능도 그리 높지 않다. (transmission 실측 속도 2MB/s , NAT성능 150Mbps, 무선랜 커버리지도 이전에 사용하던 iptime N604M과 다를바 없다)
며칠동안 외국 사이트를 참조해 가면서 실패를 거듭하고 너무 오래된 자료들이라 차이가 많이 남에도 불구하고 한글로 된 정보를 찾기 힘든 점 때문에 글을 남겨본다.
첫번째로 OpenWRT 펌웨어로 변경해야 한다. (
주의 : 커펌으로 변경하면 원래 상태로는 돌아갈수 없다)
또한, 버팔로 프로페셔날 펌웨어(
http://www.buffalo-asia.com/cgi-bin/support/download.cgi?country=idn&to=wzr_hp_g300nh2)에서는 제대로 동작하지 않는다.
To flash the WZR-HP-G300NH2, follow the same procedure as the wzr-hp-g300h, but use 02:AA:BB:CC:DD:1A for the static arp entry. Download the latest image here: Nightly snapshot build
출처 : http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/buffalo/wzr-hp-g300nh2
일단 Nightly snapshot build 를 받고 실제 순서는 wiki 보다는 아래 순서를 따르는 것이 보다 쉽고 편하다
(또한, 벽돌이 된 공유기를 복구하는 정보이기도 하니 꼭 익혀두자)
1.Download pumpKIN http://kin.klever.net/pumpkin save you wasting time with tftp and the command line
2.Unplug all the ethernet cable and the power cable and connect the computer directly to the router(still leave it off)
3.Go to Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network Connections in win7
right click on local area connection and choose "properties"
choose "internet protocol version 4"
click properties then click "use the following ip address"
Enter these values:
IP address 192.168.11.2, subnet mask 255.255.255.0, default gateway192.168.11.1
4.then turn off firewall go to Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network and Sharing Centre click on windows firewall then
choose "turn windows firewall on or off" then click on every "turn windows firewall off" box.
5.Open a Windows command prompt as Administrator. type cmd in the search box from Start menu, then press Ctrl+Shift+Enter. You will be prompted with the User Account Control dialogue choose yes. OR just right click on CMD and choose run as administrator.
Type the command
route print
to get a list of your NIC(s). Write down the interface number for the LAN card, in my case, it's 10, you may need to scroll up. mine is the first one "Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller"
6.Now type the command below to get the ARP binding(thanks ermax at DD-WRT forum):
Replacing the number 10 with the interface number
netsh interface ipv4 add neighbors 10 192.168.11.1 02-AA-BB-CC-DD-1A
7.Run pumpKIN utility choose "Put File"
8.Put 192.168.11.1 as remote host, local File is openwrt-ar71xx-generic-wzr-hp-g300nh2-squashfs-tftp.bin
9.Click "ok" and quickly plug the power cable into the back to turn on the router. (within a few seconds)
10. After 5-10 minutes, unplug and replug the router.
11. If there's no WebGUI, you'll have to telnet (Windows 7: add/remove windows features) into 192.168.1.1 and run,
1. cd /tmp
2. wget 최신 펌웨어 (ftp://dd-wrt.com/others/eko/BrainSlayer-V24-preSP2/ 에서 검색 가능하다. 글쓰는 시점의 최신 버젼은 ftp://dd-wrt.com/others/eko/BrainSlayer-V24-preSP2/2012/03-19-12-r18777/buffalo_wzr-hp-g300nh2/wzr-hp-g300nh2-dd-wrt-webupgrade-MULTI.bin 이다.)
3. dd bs=28 skip=1 if=/tmp/wzr-hp-g300nh2-dd-wrt-webupgrade-MULTI.bin of=/tmp/firmware.bin
4. sysupgrade -n /tmp/firmware.bin
출처 : http://asupport.blogspot.com/2011/10/unbrick-wzr-hp-g300nh2-and-then-flash.html
이제 반가운 DD-WRT 화면을 볼 수 있을 것이다.
첫 접속화면에서 아이디와 비밀번호를 지정해 주자 (이 비밀번호는 앞으로 계속 쓰인다. ssh의 경우 아이디는 root)
이제 Optware를 깔기 위한 준비를 해보자. (원본 글과 다르니 아래 순서대로 실행한다. 이유는 아래 쪽에)
1. Prepare the USB disk
Create an ext3 partition using GParted for instance
2. Configure DD-WRT
Under Services->Services->Secure Shell:
* Enable SSHd
* Click Apply Settings
Under Services->USB:
* Enable Core USB Support
* Disable USB Printer Support (enable it if you need printing support)
* Enable USB Storage Support
* Enable Automatic Drive Mount
* Set Disk Mount Point to /jffs
* Click Apply Settings
3. Plug the USB drive into the router and reboot it
* SSH into your box using user root and make sure, using mount, that your USB stick was mounted correctly (you can also check this on the web interface under Services->USB).
4. Create and prepare necessary structure
* SSH into your box using user root if not already done at previous step:
umount /jffs
mount -t ext3 -o noatime /dev/sda1 /mnt
cd /mnt
mkdir etc opt root
touch optware.enable
chmod 755 etc opt root
mkdir opt/lib
chmod 755 opt/lib
cp -a /etc/* /mnt/etc/
mount -o bind /mnt/etc /etc
mount -o bind /mnt/opt /jffs
5. Install the required libraries for the MIPS (big-endian) architecture and OpenWRT's opkg
cd /tmp
wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/packages/libc_0.9.33-104_ar71xx.ipk
wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/packages/coreutils_8.8-1_ar71xx.ipk
wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/packages/opkg_618-2_ar71xx.ipk
ipkg install libc_0.9.33-104_ar71xx.ipk coreutils_8.8-1_ar71xx.ipk opkg_618-2_ar71xx.ipk
(이번에도 글쓴 시점의 최신 파일을 예로 든것이다. http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/packages/ 에서 검색 후 파일명을 변경해 주자.)
You will get the following output with error messages. You can't avoid it so don't worry about it.
ERROR: File not found: //usr/local/lib/ipkg/lists/whiterussian
You probably want to run `ipkg update'
ERROR: File not found: //usr/local/lib/ipkg/lists/non-free
You probably want to run `ipkg update'
ERROR: File not found: //usr/local/lib/ipkg/lists/backports
You probably want to run `ipkg update'
/bin/ipkg: line 1184: sort: not found
Unpacking libc...Done.
Configuring libc...Done.
ERROR: File not found: //usr/local/lib/ipkg/lists/whiterussian
You probably want to run `ipkg update'
ERROR: File not found: //usr/local/lib/ipkg/lists/non-free
You probably want to run `ipkg update'
ERROR: File not found: //usr/local/lib/ipkg/lists/backports
You probably want to run `ipkg update'
/bin/ipkg: line 1184: sort: not found
Unpacking opkg...Done.
Configuring opkg...Done.
Type the following lines to create the configuration file for opkg:
cat > /etc/opkg.conf << EOF
src/gz snapshots http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ar71xx/packages
dest root /opt
dest ram /opt/tmp
lists_dir ext /opt/tmp/var/opkg-lists
EOF
Let's make sure everything works properly:
umount /jffs
mount -o bind /mnt/root /tmp/root
mount -o bind /mnt/opt /opt
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/opt/lib:/opt/usr/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'
opkg update
You should see:
Downloading http://downloads.openwrt.org/.../ar71xx/packages/Packages.gz.
Inflating http://downloads.openwrt.org/.../packages/Packages.gz.
Updated list of available packages in /opt/tmp/var/opkg-lists/snapshots.
6. Set the startup script to make the changes take effect each time upon reboot
Under DD-WRT’s web interface, Administration->Commands, input the following commands in the window then click "Save Startup":
#!/bin/sh
sleep 10
umount /jffs
mount -t ext3 -o noatime /dev/sda1 /mnt
sleep 2
if [ -f /mnt/optware.enable ]; then
mount -o bind /mnt/etc /etc
mount -o bind /mnt/root /tmp/root
mount -o bind /mnt/opt /opt
else
exit
fi
if [ -d /opt/usr ]; then
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/opt/lib:/opt/usr/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'
export PATH='/opt/bin:/opt/usr/bin:/opt/sbin:/opt/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin'
else
exit
fi
Note that some users have reported issues that they were able to fix by making the script sleep 10 seconds instead of 5.
7. Modification of the profile file
SSH into your box then copy/paste the commands below to PuTTY window to create a script running each time when user root logins:
cat > /mnt/root/.profile << EOF
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/opt/lib:/opt/usr/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/opt/usr/local/lib'
export PATH='/sbin:/opt/bin:/opt/usr/bin:/opt/sbin:/opt/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/opt/usr/local/bin'
export PS1='\[\033[01;31m\]\u@\h \[\033[01;34m\]\W \$ \[\033[00m\]'
export TERMINFO='/opt/usr/share/terminfo'
EOF
The above script will set the variables for us and also provide a nice colored command line prompt.
8. Reboot and check
Reboot your device with reboot
When it's back on the track, SSH into your box.
opkg update
Downloading http://backfire.openwrt.org/10.03/ar71xx/packages/Packages.gz.
Inflating http://backfire.openwrt.org/10.03/ar71xx/packages/Packages.gz.
Updated list of available packages in /opt/tmp/var/opkg-lists/snapshots.
출처 : http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=86912
원본 글과 다른 이유
1. 수동 마운트는 동작하지 않는다.
2. 자동 마운트를 /mnt 로 지정하면 ext2로 표시된다. 또한 경로도 /mnt 가 아닌 /mnt/sda_part1 으로 설정됨
3. 쓰이지 않는 /jffs 로 마운트 했다가 언마운트 하는 것으로 /mnt 로 마운트 가능하고 ext3로 제대로 표시된다.
이제 Optware를 설치가능한 상태가 되었다. (여기까지가 준비단계다 ㅠ.ㅠ)
내게 필요한 기능은 transmission, dlna, ftp, samba 정도여서 이 정도선에서 마무리하기로 하였다.
(이 정도만 해도 transmission 업다운로드시 CPU 사용률 100%, minidlna DB 구축시 100%, ftp 전송시 8~90%로 여러 기능을 동시에 이용하기는 커녕 한가지 기능만 이용하기에도 벅찬 하드웨어 스펙이다)
1. transmission
transmission은 비공개 트래커 사용을 위해 필요했는데 (대부분의 기본 내장 토렌트 클라이언트(예: BitTorrent 등)들은 사용불가능하다) 실측 속도가 2MB/s로 너무 느리기 때문에 실제 사용하기에는 무리가 있다. (KT FTTH 업 10MB/s 다운 10MB/s 환경)
- Install transmission
To do so, Use PuTTY to log in and run the command below:
opkg install transmission-web
This will install libevent(required library) transmission-daemon(the actual program) and transmission-web(the web interface).
- Setup transmission
Run
transmission-daemon
wait for 10 seconds then stop it:
killall transmission-daemon
This will create default configuration file for transmission, the file is located at /mnt/root/.config/transmission-daemon/settings.json
Edit this file with following(delete all previous contents)
{
"blocklist-enabled": 1,
"download-dir": "\/mnt\/share\/torrents",
"download-limit": 100,
"download-limit-enabled": 1,
"encryption": 2,
"max-peers-global": 35,
"peer-port": 25000,
"pex-enabled": 1,
"port-forwarding-enabled": 1,
"rpc-authentication-required": 0,
"rpc-password": "",
"rpc-port": 9091,
"rpc-username": "",
"rpc-whitelist": "192.168.1.*",
"upload-limit": 200,
"upload-limit-enabled": 1
}
Above is taken from DD-WRT wiki with some modification. Also create the download folder
mkdir -m 777 /mnt/share/torrents
So now all configure files for transmission are in /mnt/root/.config(or /tmp/root/.config, its the same). Downloaded files will be in /mnt/share/torrents
- Set transmission for web access
This is usually not a problem, however, in our setup, the web pages is are in non-standard location. So we must let transmission aware of the change.
To do so, a variable must be set for transmission. Run the command lines below:
export TRANSMISSION_WEB_HOME='/opt/usr/share/transmission/web/'
transmission-daemon
Now access transmission web manage interface at http://ip_of_the_router:9091/
If everything works out, move to next step.
- Run it as service
To do so, add the following line to /mnt/root/.profile
export TRANSMISSION_WEB_HOME='/opt/usr/share/transmission/web/'
Then create the startup script /opt/etc/init.d/transmission(delete all previous contents if its not empty)
source /mnt/root/.profile
killall transmission-daemon
sleep 2
transmission-daemon -g /mnt/root/.config/transmission-daemon/
Set it to run as service:
chmod a+x /opt/etc/init.d/transmission
ln -s /opt/etc/init.d/transmission /opt/etc/init.d/S60transmission
출처 : http://g300nh.blogspot.com/2010/06/bittorrent-client-transmission-on-dd.html
설치는 무난하게 됐으나 init.d에 서비스로 지정해도 재부팅 후 시작되지 않는다.
포트 닫힘 현상 때문에 처음에는 설정값이 제대로 저장이 안되는 건가 고민도 했었는데, 뒤늦게 포트 포워딩 외에도 방화벽 예외규정이 필요하다는 것을 알았다.
나의 해결법은 마지막에 언급하겠다.
2. DLNA 서버 (minidlna)
MiniDLNA install and configuration:
1. After installing the custom libraries above run the command:
| Code: |
| opkg install minidlna |
This will install the MiniDLNA server and any missing dependencies. Wait for it to fully complete.
Edit: If you see libffmpeg install and overwrite the custom libraries installed in the pres section you will need to repeat the prep process above. If this occurs, comment so I can edit the tut. Thanks.
2. Edit MiniDLNA's configuration to fit your set-up/needs.
You can use ssh or telnet to do this manually from shell using vi/nano, or you can edit the file using an SCP client. Just make sure not to use Windows' Notepad!
MiniDLNA's configuration file is located at ./opt/etc/minidnla.conf
The network_interface needs to be changed to the appropriate one, br0. If you want more than one interface serving files you need to run multiple instances of minidlna with the interface set manually in the command call (ask if you need help with this). Uncomment the network interface line by deleting the # in front and change 'eth0' to 'br0', so the finished line reads:
| Code: |
| network_interface=br0 |
Next you need to set your media share directories. As the config file states, these are separated by multiple media_dir lines, and content is defined by a preceding A, V, or P. Keep in mind the Linux is a case-sensitive OS, so your directories MUST match your file structure exactly, or the files will not be found. My finished share config look like:
| Code: |
media_dir=V,/mnt/share/Videos
media_dir=P,/mnt/share/Pictures
media_dir=A,/mnt/share/Music |
**Important** We have found a bug in the scanner used in minidlna. Enter any music libraries last, because they can cause the movies scanner to freeze.
Set your friendly name to whatever you want your network to see it as. I use the the generic 'Media Server.'
| Code: |
| friendly_name=Media Server |
If you have a large library and want your library database kept between program runs, you MUST change this setting. If you aren't hosting many files, or don't mind it rebuilding every reboot, you can leave this the same.
Create a directory on your mount for the library db, error log, and the art cache. If you do this, create an isolated directory, becuase running the rebuild command deletes everything in the configured directory. I put mine on ./mnt/tmp/minidlna. (All will be moved with this setting)
| Code: |
| db_dir=/mnt/tmp/minidlna |
Set inotify to watch for new files to be added to the library. Inotify searches for new files every 60 seconds. Keep this on, or turn it off, you're choice. no=off yes=on
The same goes for enabling Tivo, and strict dlna. Although, strict dlna will make the server (aka your router) scale jpeg images, and may impact performance, so I leave it off (and I don't have a Tivo either).
| Code: |
enable_tivo:no
strict_dlna:no |
This is important: You MUST CHANGE the presentation url or your devices will not see the server. Set it to your router's IP address with 8200 port, ignoring the page url. DDWRT default would be:
| Code: |
| presentation_url=http://192.168.1.1:8200/ |
Set the notification interval, serial, and model numbers to whatever you please. The notification interval of 900s is frequent enough, so don't worry about changing it.
In the end, my conf file looks like:
| Code: |
# port for HTTP (descriptions, SOAP, media transfer) traffic
port=8200
network_interface=br0
media_dir=A,/mnt/share/Music
media_dir=V,/mnt/share/Videos
media_dir=P,/mnt/share/Pictures
friendly_name=Media Server
db_dir=/mnt/tmp/minidlna
album_art_names=Cover.jpg/cover.jpg/AlbumArtSmall.jpg/albumartsmall.jpg/AlbumArt.jpg/albumart.jpg/Album.jpg/album.jpg/Folder.jpg/folder.jpg/Thumb.jpg/thumb.jpg
inotify=yes
enable_tivo=no
strict_dlna=no
presentation_url=http://192.168.1.1:8200/
notify_interval=900
serial=12345678
model_number=1
|
3. After finishing configuring and saving the file, test it by running the program and trying it out on your device(s). Run it with the command:
| Code: |
| minidlna -f opt/etc/minidlna.conf |
If you decide to edit the conf file more, make sure to kill minidlna, or the file will not save.
4. Once it runs to your satisfaction, then set it to run on reboot.
Change directory to /opt/etc/init.d and edit the file minidlna, if the file isn't there, create it. Replace all contents with:
| Code: |
| minidlna -f /opt/etc/minidlna.conf |
Set it to run on boot by running:
| Code: |
chmod a+x /opt/etc/init.d/minidlna
ln -s /opt/etc/init.d/minidlna /opt/etc/init.d/S70minidlna |
5. Reboot your router and verify that the program ran on boot. 'ps' is the command to see running programs.
If at any point you want to re-build your library fully you can delete the contents of your db_dir folder. Or you can run minidlna using the -R switch at the end. (ie: minidlna -f /opt/etc/minidlna.conf -R)
출처 : http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=84881
설치도 제대로 되고 설정값도 제대로 반영된다. 하지만 init.d의 문제로 역시 재부팅 후 시작되지 않는다.
3. FTP 서버
내장된 proftpd의 경우 resume 기능이 제대로 동작하지 않고 설정값이 재부팅 후 원래 상태로 돌아가는 문제가 있어서 vsftpd를 설치하려고 했으나 설치가 제대로 되지 않는다.
포기상태로 있다가 뒤늦게 DD-WRT WiKi에서 힌트를 얻어 해결하게 되었다.
http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/ProFTPd
해결법은 역시 맨 마지막에 언급하겠다.
4. SAMBA 서버
사실 NAS로 광고하는 기능이 바로 samba다.
다만 내부 네트워크에서만 가능하고 속도면에서도 ftp보다 느리고 안정적이지 않다.
기본 펌웨어로도 이용가능한 기능이다.
마지막으로 서비스로 시작되지 않는 데몬들을 재부팅시 시작하게 설정하고 실제 사용시 문제되는 것들 해결해 보자.
Optware 설치 전에 보았던 Commands 화면에 빨간 글씨 부분을 추가해 준다.
Under DD-WRT’s web interface, Administration->Commands, input the following commands in the window then click "Save Startup":
#!/bin/sh
sleep 10
umount /jffs
mount -t ext3 -o noatime /dev/sda1 /mnt
sleep 2
if [ -f /mnt/optware.enable ]; then
mount -o bind /mnt/etc /etc
mount -o bind /mnt/root /tmp/root
mount -o bind /mnt/opt /opt
else
exit
fi
if [ -d /opt/usr ]; then
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/opt/lib:/opt/usr/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'
export PATH='/opt/bin:/opt/usr/bin:/opt/sbin:/opt/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin'
else
exit
fi
#서비스로 실행
sh /opt/etc/init.d/S60transmission
sh /opt/etc/init.d/S70minidlna
# proftpd 설정 부분
echo 'MasqueradeAddress xxxxx.dyndns.org'>> /tmp/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf #외부 접속 가능하게 (선택)
echo 'PassivePorts 60000 61000'>> /tmp/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf #패시브모드 사용 위해 (선택)
echo 'AllowOverwrite on'>> /tmp/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf #덮어쓰기 가능하게 (필수)
echo 'AllowRetrieveRestart on'>> /tmp/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf #이어받기 가능하게 (필수)
echo 'AllowStoreRestart on'>> /tmp/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf #이어올리기 가능하게 (필수)
killall -HUP proftpd
transmission 포트 닫힘 현상과 외부에서 ftp서버로 접속하기 위해 방화벽 예외 규정을 추가해준다.
Under DD-WRT’s web interface, Administration->Commands, input the following commands in the window then click "Save Firewall":
# Port forwarding (loopback) problems in dd-wrt? Using build 15778 or later?
# Try this code...
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o br0 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 192.168.1.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
# Transmission WAN Access
iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 25000 -j logaccept #트랜스미션 포트닫힘 현상 해결 (필수)
# ProFTPD WAN Access
iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp --dport 2121 -j logaccept
#21번 포트는 대부분의 ISP에서 막아놨기 때문에 FTP 설정시에 2121번 포트로 지정 (선택)
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 60000:61000 --syn -j logaccept
#패시브모드 사용 포트 (선택)
모든게 끝났다.
